Effectiveness of Vocational Training in Developing Employability Skills among Adolescents with Intellectual Disability

Adolescents diagnosed with Intellectual Disability (ID) face profound challenges when transitioning from educational institutions to integrated employment environments. This research investigates the empirical effectiveness of a structured, 16-week vocational training framework designed to build both technical (hard) and social-adaptive (soft) employability skills among adolescents aged 14 to 19 with mild-to-moderate ID. Utilizing a pre-test/post-test experimental control group design (N = 60), participants were evaluated using standardized vocational rubrics and adaptive behavior scales. Statistical analysis demonstrated statistically significant post-intervention enhancements across both technical execution and workplace social interactions (p < 0.001). The findings validate task decomposition, visual schedule integration, and systematic prompt fading as essential pedagogical drivers for vocational independence.